no(否)

This kanji is composed of two parts. At the top is the “un-” or “non-” component, which originally depicted a flower calyx without any petals or fruit. Because of this, it came to serve as a negative prefix meaning “not” or “without.” Below it is the “mouth” radical. Combined, they signify closing one’s mouth against what has been said, or refusing to acknowledge someone’s words. By extension, the kanji means to say no, deny, or refuse.

Words & Phrases

  • 否応なく(iyaou-naku):whether one likes it or not
  • 否認(hinin):denial,deny

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cup(杯)

This kanji is composed of two parts. On the left is the ‘tree’ radical. On the right is an element representing a flower calyx with a softly rounded curve. Because of this combination, the character came to mean a rounded drinking cup made of wood.

Words & Phrases

  • 乾杯(kanpai): Cheers!

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distort(歪)

This kanji is composed of two parts. At the top is the negative prefix (“un-” or “non-“), which originally depicted a flower calyx without any petals or fruit, coming to mean “not” or “without.” Below it is the character for “correct” or “right”, which originally represented a footprint halting before a boundary line—symbolizing stopping someone before they head in the wrong direction. Combined, they literally signify “not right” or “non-truth.” By extension, the character came to mean distorting or twisting what is right, perverting the truth, or altering facts so that they become crooked or misleading.

Words & Phrases

  • 歪曲(waikyoku):to distort the truth

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un-(不)

This kanji depicts a calyx without any flowers or fruit on it. Because of this, it originally represented a state where nothing substantial exists. By extension, it came to be used as a negative prefix—equivalent to ‘un-‘ or ‘non-‘—placed before words to mean ‘not’ or ‘without.

Words &Phrases

  • 不安(fuan):Something you are worried about, which leaves you feeling restless and uneasy.
  • 不機嫌(fukigen):Being in a bad mood
  • 不言実行(fugen jikko):Diligently doing what needs to be done without complaining or making excuses.