brain(脳)

This kanji is made of two parts. On the left is the ‘body’ radical. On the right is an element depicting a synapse-like crossroads inside a human’s head, topped with a few strands of hair. Combined, this kanji means ‘brain.

Words & Phrases

  • 脳味噌(nou-miso):An old-fashioned, everyday term for the brain.
  • 脳裏(nouri):One’s inner thoughts and feelings; the internal realm of the mind.

bone(骨)

This kanji has two parts: the top radical represents a bone joint, and the bottom radical means “muscle” or “body.” Together, it originally meant a physical “bone.” Over time, its meaning expanded to describe the ability to move your body effectively, just as you imagine.

Words & Phrases

  • 骨子(kosshi):The central points, main framework, or backbone that forms the foundation of an idea or plan.
  • 骨肉(kotsuniku):A person who is related to someone by birth or blood ties, such as parents, children, or siblings.

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molt(脱)

This kanji consists of two parts. On the left is the “body” radical, and on the right is a component depicting a person sloughing off or removing their clothing. Together, this kanji means “to shed,” “to molt,” or “to exit” from within.

back(背)

This kanji consists of two parts. The top radical represents two people sitting back-to-back, which originally meant “back.” Later, it came to mean “north” because ancient Chinese emperors always faced south when seated, putting their backs to the north. To restore and clarify the original meaning, the radical for “muscle” or “body” was added to the bottom, creating the kanji that means “back.”

Words & Phrases

  • 背景(haikei):background
  • 背く(somuku):to disobey,to go against